Scenario 8.2: Firmare codice
Categoria: Firme digitali
Complessità: Alta
Prerequisiti: Certificato Code-Signing
Tempo stimato: 20-30 minuti
Descrizione
Questo scenario descrive la firma di codice e eseguibili con algoritmi sicuri Post-Quantum. Code Signing consente:
- Autenticazione dell'editore del software
- Protezione dell'integrità contro manipolazioni
- Affidabilità per gli utenti finali
- Conformità con le linee guida di sicurezza
Formati supportati:
- Windows Authenticode (EXE, DLL, MSI)
- PowerShell Scripts (.ps1)
- NuGet Packages (.nupkg)
- Java JAR Files
- macOS Code Signature
Workflow
flowchart LR
CODE[Executable/DLL] --> HASH[Hash Authenticode]
HASH --> SIGN[Firma ML-DSA + RSA]
KEY[Chiave Code-Signing] --> SIGN
SIGN --> TS[Aggiungere timestamp]
TSA[Server TSA] --> TS
TS --> OUTPUT[File firmato]
style SIGN fill:#e8f5e9
style TS fill:#fff3e0
Esempio codice: Firma Authenticode
using WvdS.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.Extensions.PQ; using System.Security.Cryptography; using var ctx = PqCryptoContext.Initialize(); // Caricare certificato e chiave Code-Signing var codeSignCert = ctx.LoadCertificate("codesign.crt.pem"); var codeSignKey = ctx.LoadPrivateKey("codesign.key.pem", "KeyPassword!"); // Creare firma Authenticode var signatureOptions = new AuthenticodeSignatureOptions { Certificate = codeSignCert, PrivateKey = codeSignKey, HashAlgorithm = HashAlgorithmName.SHA256, TimestampUrl = "http://timestamp.digicert.com", TimestampHashAlgorithm = HashAlgorithmName.SHA256, Mode = CryptoMode.Hybrid, Description = "MyApp - Applicazione sicura", DescriptionUrl = "https://myapp.example.com" }; // Firmare EXE var inputPath = "MyApp.exe"; var outputPath = "MyApp-signed.exe"; ctx.SignAuthenticode(inputPath, outputPath, signatureOptions); Console.WriteLine($"Codice firmato: {outputPath}"); Console.WriteLine($" Firmatario: {codeSignCert.Subject}"); Console.WriteLine($" Timestamp: {signatureOptions.TimestampUrl}");
Integrazione Windows SignTool
public class SignToolWrapper { public void Sign(string filePath, string pfxPath, string password, string timestampUrl) { var process = new Process { StartInfo = new ProcessStartInfo { FileName = "signtool.exe", Arguments = $"sign " + $"/fd SHA256 " + $"/f \"{pfxPath}\" " + $"/p \"{password}\" " + $"/tr \"{timestampUrl}\" " + $"/td SHA256 " + $"/d \"Firmato con PQ-Crypto\" " + $"\"{filePath}\"", RedirectStandardOutput = true, RedirectStandardError = true, UseShellExecute = false } }; process.Start(); process.WaitForExit(); if (process.ExitCode != 0) { var error = process.StandardError.ReadToEnd(); throw new InvalidOperationException($"SignTool fallito: {error}"); } Console.WriteLine($"Firmato: {filePath}"); } public bool Verify(string filePath) { var process = new Process { StartInfo = new ProcessStartInfo { FileName = "signtool.exe", Arguments = $"verify /pa /v \"{filePath}\"", RedirectStandardOutput = true, UseShellExecute = false } }; process.Start(); process.WaitForExit(); return process.ExitCode == 0; } }
Firmare script PowerShell
public class PowerShellSigner { public void SignScript(string scriptPath, X509Certificate2 cert) { // Aggiungere firma CMS PowerShell var scriptContent = File.ReadAllText(scriptPath); // Creare blocco firma var signatureBlock = CreatePowerShellSignature(scriptContent, cert); // Aggiungere firma allo script var signedContent = scriptContent + Environment.NewLine + signatureBlock; File.WriteAllText(scriptPath, signedContent); Console.WriteLine($"Script PowerShell firmato: {scriptPath}"); } private string CreatePowerShellSignature(string content, X509Certificate2 cert) { using var ctx = PqCryptoContext.Initialize(); // Hash dello script var hash = SHA256.HashData(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(content)); // Firma CMS var contentInfo = new ContentInfo(hash); var signedCms = new SignedCms(contentInfo, true); var signer = new CmsSigner(cert); signedCms.ComputeSignature(signer); // Blocco firma codificato Base64 var signatureBase64 = Convert.ToBase64String(signedCms.Encode()); return $@" # SIG # Begin signature block # {signatureBase64} # SIG # End signature block"; } }
Firmare pacchetto NuGet
public class NuGetSigner { public async Task SignPackage( string packagePath, X509Certificate2 cert, AsymmetricAlgorithm privateKey, string timestampUrl) { using var ctx = PqCryptoContext.Initialize(); // Aprire pacchetto NuGet using var package = new ZipArchive(File.Open(packagePath, FileMode.Open), ZipArchiveMode.Update); // Creare .signature.p7s var signatureEntry = package.CreateEntry(".signature.p7s"); // Calcolare hash del pacchetto (senza entry firma) var packageHash = ComputePackageHash(package); // Firma CMS var contentInfo = new ContentInfo(packageHash); var signedCms = new SignedCms(contentInfo, true); var signer = new CmsSigner(cert) { DigestAlgorithm = new Oid("2.16.840.1.101.3.4.2.1"), IncludeOption = X509IncludeOption.WholeChain }; signedCms.ComputeSignature(signer, mode: CryptoMode.Hybrid); // Aggiungere timestamp await AddTimestamp(signedCms, timestampUrl); // Scrivere firma using var signatureStream = signatureEntry.Open(); signatureStream.Write(signedCms.Encode()); Console.WriteLine($"Pacchetto NuGet firmato: {packagePath}"); } }
Doppia firma (Legacy + PQ)
Per periodo di transizione: entrambe le firme in parallelo
public class DualSignature { public void SignWithDualSignature(string exePath, SigningCredentials credentials) { using var ctx = PqCryptoContext.Initialize(); // 1. Prima firma: SHA-1 (per compatibilità Windows XP/Vista) ctx.SignAuthenticode(exePath, exePath, new AuthenticodeSignatureOptions { Certificate = credentials.LegacyCert, PrivateKey = credentials.LegacyKey, HashAlgorithm = HashAlgorithmName.SHA1, TimestampUrl = credentials.TimestampUrl, AppendSignature = false // Prima firma }); // 2. Seconda firma: SHA-256 + PQ (per sistemi moderni) ctx.SignAuthenticode(exePath, exePath, new AuthenticodeSignatureOptions { Certificate = credentials.PqCert, PrivateKey = credentials.PqKey, HashAlgorithm = HashAlgorithmName.SHA256, Mode = CryptoMode.Hybrid, TimestampUrl = credentials.TimestampUrl, AppendSignature = true // Aggiungere seconda firma }); Console.WriteLine("Doppia firma creata (SHA-1 + SHA-256/PQ)"); } }
Server timestamp
| Fornitore | URL | Protocollo |
|---|---|---|
| DigiCert | http://timestamp.digicert.com | RFC 3161 |
| Sectigo | http://timestamp.sectigo.com | RFC 3161 |
| GlobalSign | http://timestamp.globalsign.com | RFC 3161 |
| SSL.com | http://ts.ssl.com | RFC 3161 |
IMPORTANTE: Senza timestamp la firma non è valida dopo la scadenza del certificato!
Requisiti specifici per settore
| Settore | Standard | Requisiti |
|---|---|---|
| Windows | Authenticode | Certificato EV per SmartScreen |
| Automotive | UNECE R156 | Firma firmware, HSM |
| Sanità | DiGAV | Firma qualificata |
| Industria | IEC 62443 | Firmware PLC |
Scenari correlati
| Relazione | Scenario | Descrizione |
|---|---|---|
| Prerequisito | 3.3 Cert Code-Signing | Creare certificato |
| Importante | 8.3 Timestamp | Validità a lungo termine |
| Correlato | 8.4 Verificare firma | Verifica |
« ← 8.1 Firmare documento | ↑ Panoramica firme | 8.3 Timestamp → »
Wolfgang van der Stille @ EMSR DATA d.o.o. - Post-Quantum Cryptography Professional
Zuletzt geändert: il 30/01/2026 alle 06:54