Inhaltsverzeichnis

Runbook: Config-Backup

Runbook: Config-Backup

Durata: ~5 minuti
Ruolo: Sysadmin
Frequenza: Dopo ogni modifica, settimanale

Backup della configurazione Gateway e certificati.

Workflow

flowchart TD A[Start] --> B[Identificare file] B --> C[Creare archivio] C --> D[Copiare su storage backup] D --> E[Verificare integrita] E --> F{OK?} F -->|Si| G[Documentare] F -->|No| H[Ripetere backup] style G fill:#e8f5e9 style H fill:#ffebee

1. File da Salvare

File/Cartella	Descrizione	Critico
————–	————–	———-
`appsettings.json`	Configurazione principale	v
`appsettings.Production.json`	Override produzione	v
`certs/`	Certificati TLS	v
`data/*.db`	Database SQLite	v
`.env`	Variabili ambiente (se presente)	v

2. Backup Manuale

Linux:

#!/bin/bash
# backup-gateway.sh
 
GATEWAY_DIR="/opt/data-gateway"
BACKUP_DIR="/backup/gateway"
DATE=$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)
BACKUP_FILE="gateway-config-${DATE}.tar.gz"
 
# Creare archivio
tar -czvf "${BACKUP_DIR}/${BACKUP_FILE}" \
    -C "${GATEWAY_DIR}" \
    appsettings.json \
    appsettings.Production.json \
    certs/ \
    data/
 
# Creare checksum
sha256sum "${BACKUP_DIR}/${BACKUP_FILE}" > "${BACKUP_DIR}/${BACKUP_FILE}.sha256"
 
# Eliminare backup vecchi (oltre 30 giorni)
find "${BACKUP_DIR}" -name "gateway-config-*.tar.gz" -mtime +30 -delete
 
echo "Backup creato: ${BACKUP_FILE}"

Windows (PowerShell):

# backup-gateway.ps1
 
$GatewayDir = "%GATEWAY_ROOT%"
$BackupDir = "D:\Backup\Gateway"
$Date = Get-Date -Format "yyyyMMdd_HHmmss"
$BackupFile = "gateway-config-$Date.zip"
 
# Creare archivio
Compress-Archive -Path @(
    "$GatewayDir\appsettings.json",
    "$GatewayDir\appsettings.Production.json",
    "$GatewayDir\certs",
    "$GatewayDir\data"
) -DestinationPath "$BackupDir\$BackupFile"
 
# Checksum
Get-FileHash "$BackupDir\$BackupFile" -Algorithm SHA256 |
    Select-Object Hash |
    Out-File "$BackupDir\$BackupFile.sha256"
 
# Eliminare backup vecchi (oltre 30 giorni)
Get-ChildItem "$BackupDir\gateway-config-*.zip" |
    Where-Object { $_.LastWriteTime -lt (Get-Date).AddDays(-30) } |
    Remove-Item
 
Write-Host "Backup creato: $BackupFile"

3. Backup Automatizzato

Linux (Cron):

# /etc/cron.d/gateway-backup
0 2 * * * root /opt/scripts/backup-gateway.sh >> /var/log/gateway-backup.log 2>&1

Windows (Task Scheduler):

# Creare Task
$Action = New-ScheduledTaskAction -Execute "PowerShell.exe" `
    -Argument "-File %SCRIPTS_PATH%\backup-gateway.ps1"
$Trigger = New-ScheduledTaskTrigger -Daily -At 2:00AM
$Principal = New-ScheduledTaskPrincipal -UserId "SYSTEM" -RunLevel Highest
 
Register-ScheduledTask -TaskName "Gateway Backup" `
    -Action $Action -Trigger $Trigger -Principal $Principal

4. Backup su Storage Remoto

Rsync (Linux → NAS):

rsync -avz --delete \
    /backup/gateway/ \
    user@nas.example.com:/volume1/backups/gateway/

AWS S3:

aws s3 cp /backup/gateway/gateway-config-*.tar.gz \
    s3://my-backups/gateway/ \
    --storage-class STANDARD_IA

Azure Blob:

az storage blob upload \
    --account-name mybackups \
    --container-name gateway \
    --file /backup/gateway/gateway-config-*.tar.gz \
    --name gateway-config-$(date +%Y%m%d).tar.gz

5. Restore (Ripristino)

# Linux
cd /opt/data-gateway
tar -xzvf /backup/gateway/gateway-config-20241215.tar.gz
 
# Ripristinare permessi
chown -R datagateway:datagateway /opt/data-gateway
chmod 600 /opt/data-gateway/certs/*
 
# Riavviare Gateway
sudo systemctl restart data-gateway

# Windows
Expand-Archive -Path "D:\Backup\Gateway\gateway-config-20241215.zip" `
    -DestinationPath "%GATEWAY_ROOT%" -Force
 
Restart-Service -Name "DataGateway"

6. Checklist

#	Punto di verifica	v
—	———–	—
1	appsettings.json salvato	☐
2	Certificati salvati	☐
3	SQLite-DB salvati	☐
4	Checksum creato	☐
5	Copiato su storage remoto	☐
6	Restore testato	☐

Troubleshooting

Problema	Causa	Soluzione
———	———	——–
`Permission denied`	Permessi mancanti	Eseguire come root/Admin
`No space left`	Spazio esaurito	Eliminare backup vecchi
`Checksum mismatch`	Archivio corrotto	Ripetere backup
Restore fallito	Permessi errati	eseguire chown/chmod

Best Practices

Regola 3-2-1 Backup:

3 copie dei dati
2 supporti diversi (locale + Cloud)
1 copia offsite

Runbook Correlati

DSN-Export - Salvare definizioni DSN
Rinnovare certificato - Salvare prima del rinnovo
Avviare server - Dopo Restore

« <- Backup | -> DSN-Export »

Wolfgang van der Stille @ EMSR DATA d.o.o. - Data Gateway Professional

operator, runbook, backup, restore, config