Kategorija: Opoziv (Revocation)
Složenost: ⭐⭐⭐⭐ (Visoka)
Preduvjeti: CA infrastruktura, OCSP-Signing certifikat
Procijenjeno vrijeme: 30-45 minuta
Ovaj scenarij opisuje implementaciju OCSP Respondera (Online Certificate Status Protocol, RFC 6960). OCSP omogućuje provjeru statusa certifikata u stvarnom vremenu.
Prednosti nad CRL-om:
using WvdS.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates.Extensions.PQ; using System.Security.Cryptography; using var ctx = PqCryptoContext.Initialize(); // Učitavanje certifikata za provjeru i Issuera var cert = ctx.LoadCertificate("server.crt.pem"); var issuer = ctx.LoadCertificate("intermediate-ca.crt.pem"); // Kreiranje OCSP zahtjeva var ocspRequest = ctx.CreateOcspRequest( certificate: cert, issuer: issuer, hashAlgorithm: HashAlgorithmName.SHA256, nonce: true // Zaštita od ponavljanja ); // Request kao DER byte[] requestBytes = ocspRequest.Encode(); // Slanje zahtjeva using var http = new HttpClient(); var content = new ByteArrayContent(requestBytes); content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue("application/ocsp-request"); var ocspUrl = ctx.GetOcspUrl(cert); // Čitanje AIA ekstenzije var response = await http.PostAsync(ocspUrl, content); var responseBytes = await response.Content.ReadAsByteArrayAsync(); // Parsiranje odgovora var status = ctx.ParseOcspResponse(responseBytes, cert, issuer); Console.WriteLine($"OCSP status: {status.Status}"); Console.WriteLine($" Proizvedeno: {status.ProducedAt}"); Console.WriteLine($" This Update: {status.ThisUpdate}"); Console.WriteLine($" Next Update: {status.NextUpdate}");
public class OcspResponder { private readonly X509Certificate2 _responderCert; private readonly AsymmetricAlgorithm _responderKey; private readonly IRevocationDatabase _revocationDb; private readonly PqCryptoContext _ctx; public OcspResponder( X509Certificate2 responderCert, AsymmetricAlgorithm responderKey, IRevocationDatabase revocationDb) { _responderCert = responderCert; _responderKey = responderKey; _revocationDb = revocationDb; _ctx = PqCryptoContext.Initialize(); } public byte[] ProcessRequest(byte[] requestBytes) { try { // Parsiranje zahtjeva var request = _ctx.ParseOcspRequest(requestBytes); // Response Builder var responseBuilder = new OcspResponseBuilder(); foreach (var certId in request.CertificateIds) { // Traženje statusa u bazi podataka var revocationInfo = _revocationDb.GetRevocationStatus( certId.IssuerNameHash, certId.IssuerKeyHash, certId.SerialNumber ); if (revocationInfo == null) { // Nepoznat certifikat responseBuilder.AddStatus(certId, OcspCertStatus.Unknown); } else if (revocationInfo.IsRevoked) { // Opozvan responseBuilder.AddStatus( certId, OcspCertStatus.Revoked, revocationInfo.RevocationTime, revocationInfo.RevocationReason ); } else { // Valjan responseBuilder.AddStatus(certId, OcspCertStatus.Good); } } // Potpisivanje odgovora return responseBuilder.Build( responderCert: _responderCert, responderKey: _responderKey, producedAt: DateTimeOffset.UtcNow, nextUpdate: DateTimeOffset.UtcNow.AddMinutes(5), nonce: request.Nonce, mode: CryptoMode.Hybrid ); } catch (Exception ex) { // Internal Error Response return BuildErrorResponse(OcspResponseStatus.InternalError); } } private byte[] BuildErrorResponse(OcspResponseStatus status) { return _ctx.BuildOcspErrorResponse(status); } }
// OCSP Responder treba poseban certifikat using var ocspKey = ctx.GenerateKeyPair(PqAlgorithm.MlDsa65); var dn = new DnBuilder() .AddCN("OCSP Responder - Example CA") .AddO("Example GmbH") .AddC("DE") .Build(); var csr = ctx.CreateCertificateRequest(ocspKey, dn); var ocspCert = ctx.IssueCertificate( csr, issuerCert: caCert, issuerKey: caKey, validDays: 30, // Kratka valjanost za OCSP Responder extensions: new ExtBuilder() .BasicConstraints(ca: false, critical: true) // OCSP Signing Key Usage .KeyUsage(KeyUsageFlags.DigitalSignature, critical: true) // OCSP Signing EKU .ExtendedKeyUsage(ExtKeyUsage.OcspSigning) // id-pkix-ocsp-nocheck Extension (bez provjere opoziva za Responder) .OcspNoCheck() .SubjectKeyIdentifier(ocspKey.PublicKey) .AuthorityKeyIdentifier(caCert) .Build() ); ocspCert.ToPemFile("ocsp-responder.crt.pem"); ocspKey.ToEncryptedPemFile("ocsp-responder.key.pem", "OcspPassword!");
[ApiController] [Route("ocsp")] public class OcspController : ControllerBase { private readonly OcspResponder _responder; public OcspController(OcspResponder responder) { _responder = responder; } // POST /ocsp [HttpPost] [Consumes("application/ocsp-request")] [Produces("application/ocsp-response")] public IActionResult Post() { using var ms = new MemoryStream(); Request.Body.CopyTo(ms); var requestBytes = ms.ToArray(); var responseBytes = _responder.ProcessRequest(requestBytes); return File(responseBytes, "application/ocsp-response"); } // GET /ocsp/{base64-request} (za OCSP GET) [HttpGet("{encodedRequest}")] [Produces("application/ocsp-response")] public IActionResult Get(string encodedRequest) { var requestBytes = Convert.FromBase64String( Uri.UnescapeDataString(encodedRequest) ); var responseBytes = _responder.ProcessRequest(requestBytes); return File(responseBytes, "application/ocsp-response"); } }
| Status | HTTP | Značenje |
|---|---|---|
| successful | 200 | Zahtjev obrađen |
| malformedRequest | 200 | Nevaljani zahtjev |
| internalError | 200 | Greška poslužitelja |
| tryLater | 200 | Privremeno nedostupno |
| sigRequired | 200 | Potreban potpis |
| unauthorized | 200 | Neovlašteno |
Važno: OCSP uvijek vraća HTTP 200! Status je kodiran u odgovoru.
| Industrija | Response Caching | Stapling | Visoka dostupnost |
|---|---|---|---|
| WebPKI | Maks. 10 min | Obvezno | 99.9% |
| Enterprise | Maks. 1 sat | Preporučeno | Ovisno o SLA |
| Financijski sektor | Maks. 5 min | Obvezno | 99.99% |
| Zdravstvo | Maks. 1 sat | Opcionalno | 99.9% |
| Odnos | Scenarij | Opis |
|---|---|---|
| Alternativa | 6.1 Kreiranje CRL-a | Offline provjera |
| Povezano | 5.3 Provjera opoziva | Provjera na strani klijenta |
| Preduvjet | 6.4 Opoziv certifikata | Proces opoziva |
« ← 6.1 Kreiranje CRL-a | ↑ Pregled opoziva | 6.3 Delta-CRL → »
Wolfgang van der Stille @ EMSR DATA d.o.o. - Post-Quantum Cryptography Professional