Inhaltsverzeichnis

Paralelni rad

Složenost: Srednja
Trajanje: Neograničeno (dok se Classic ne isključi)
Rizik: Nizak

Istovremeni rad klasičnog i Post-Quantum PKI-a za maksimalnu kompatibilnost.


Arhitektura

flowchart TB subgraph CLASSIC["🔐 KLASIČNI PKI"] CR[Classic Root-CA] CI[Classic Intermediate] CC[Classic certifikati] end subgraph HYBRID["🔄 HIBRIDNI PKI"] HR[Hybrid Root-CA] HI[Hybrid Intermediate] HC[Hybrid certifikati] end subgraph CLIENTS["👥 KLIJENTI"] OLD[Legacy klijenti] NEW[Moderni klijenti] end CR --> CI --> CC HR --> HI --> HC CC --> OLD HC --> NEW CC -.->|Fallback| NEW style CLASSIC fill:#ffebee style HYBRID fill:#e8f5e9


Kada paralelni rad?

Scenarij Preporuka
———-———–
Legacy sustavi se ne mogu ažurirati ✓ Paralelno
Postupna migracija tijekom godina ✓ Paralelno
Regulatorni zahtjevi za povratnu kompatibilnost ✓ Paralelno
Greenfield / Novi projekt ✗ Direktno Hibridno
Svi klijenti se mogu ažurirati ✗ Hibridna migracija

Postavljanje

Struktura direktorija

/etc/pki/
├── classic/
│   ├── root-ca.pem
│   ├── intermediate-ca.pem
│   ├── intermediate-ca.key
│   ├── crl/
│   └── issued/
├── hybrid/
│   ├── root-ca.pem
│   ├── intermediate-ca.pem
│   ├── intermediate-ca.key
│   ├── crl/
│   └── issued/
└── scripts/
    ├── issue-classic.sh
    ├── issue-hybrid.sh
    └── issue-both.sh

Skripta za dvostruko izdavanje

#!/bin/bash
# /etc/pki/scripts/issue-both.sh
# Izdaje certifikat od OBA PKI-a
 
CSR_FILE="$1"
OUTPUT_PREFIX="$2"
 
if [ -z "$CSR_FILE" ] || [ -z "$OUTPUT_PREFIX" ]; then
    echo "Usage: $0 <csr-file> <output-prefix>"
    exit 1
fi
 
# Izdavanje klasičnog certifikata
echo "Izdavanje klasičnog certifikata..."
openssl ca -config /etc/pki/classic/openssl.cnf \
    -in "$CSR_FILE" \
    -out "${OUTPUT_PREFIX}-classic.pem" \
    -days 365 \
    -batch
 
# Izdavanje hibridnog certifikata
echo "Izdavanje hibridnog certifikata..."
/usr/local/bin/wvds-sign --mode hybrid \
    --ca /etc/pki/hybrid/intermediate-ca.pfx \
    --csr "$CSR_FILE" \
    --out "${OUTPUT_PREFIX}-hybrid.pem" \
    --days 365
 
echo "Gotovo:"
echo "  Klasično: ${OUTPUT_PREFIX}-classic.pem"
echo "  Hibridno: ${OUTPUT_PREFIX}-hybrid.pem"

Konfiguracija servera

Nginx: Dvostruki certifikat

server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name api.example.com;
 
    # Primarno: Hibridni certifikat
    ssl_certificate     /etc/ssl/certs/api-hybrid.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/private/api.key;
 
    # Fallback: Klasični certifikat (za stare klijente)
    # Napomena: Nginx podržava samo jedan certifikat po server bloku
    # Za pravi dual-mode: Zasebni server blokovi ili SNI
}
 
# Alternativa: Zasebni server za Legacy
server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name api-legacy.example.com;
 
    ssl_certificate     /etc/ssl/certs/api-classic.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/private/api.key;
}

Apache: Dvostruki certifikat

<VirtualHost *:443>
    ServerName api.example.com
 
    # Moderni klijenti → Hibridno
    SSLCertificateFile    /etc/ssl/certs/api-hybrid.pem
    SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/api.key
    SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/ssl/certs/hybrid-chain.pem
</VirtualHost>
 
<VirtualHost *:443>
    ServerName api-legacy.example.com
 
    # Legacy klijenti → Klasično
    SSLCertificateFile    /etc/ssl/certs/api-classic.pem
    SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/api.key
    SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/ssl/certs/classic-chain.pem
</VirtualHost>

Upravljanje Trust Storeom

Klijenti s oba CA

# Trust Store s oba Root-CA
cat /etc/pki/classic/root-ca.pem /etc/pki/hybrid/root-ca.pem > /etc/ssl/certs/ca-bundle.pem
 
# Ili pojedinačno dodati
update-ca-trust extract

Windows Trust Store

# Uvoz oba Root-CA
Import-Certificate -FilePath "classic-root.cer" -CertStoreLocation Cert:\LocalMachine\Root
Import-Certificate -FilePath "hybrid-root.cer" -CertStoreLocation Cert:\LocalMachine\Root

CRL/OCSP za oba PKI-a

# CRL Distribution Points
# Klasično: http://crl.example.com/classic/intermediate.crl
# Hibridno: http://crl.example.com/hybrid/intermediate.crl
 
# Nginx za distribuciju CRL-a
location /crl/classic/ {
    alias /etc/pki/classic/crl/;
    types { application/pkix-crl crl; }
}
 
location /crl/hybrid/ {
    alias /etc/pki/hybrid/crl/;
    types { application/pkix-crl crl; }
}

Monitoring

# Prometheus: Nadzor oba PKI-a
scrape_configs:
  - job_name: 'pki-classic'
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['localhost:9793']
    params:
      path: ['/etc/pki/classic/issued/*.pem']
    relabel_configs:
      - target_label: pki
        replacement: 'classic'

  - job_name: 'pki-hybrid'
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['localhost:9793']
    params:
      path: ['/etc/pki/hybrid/issued/*.pem']
    relabel_configs:
      - target_label: pki
        replacement: 'hybrid'

Metrike nadzorne ploče:

Metrika Klasično Hibridno
——————-———-
Aktivni certifikati count(x509{pki=„classic“}) count(x509{pki=„hybrid“})
Istek < 30d count(…) count(…)
CRL Next Update crl_next_update{pki=„classic“} crl_next_update{pki=„hybrid“}

Praćenje migracije

#!/bin/bash
# migration-status.sh - Napredak migracije
 
echo "=== PKI Migration Status ==="
 
classic_count=$(find /etc/pki/classic/issued -name "*.pem" | wc -l)
hybrid_count=$(find /etc/pki/hybrid/issued -name "*.pem" | wc -l)
total=$((classic_count + hybrid_count))
 
if [ "$total" -gt 0 ]; then
    hybrid_percent=$((hybrid_count * 100 / total))
else
    hybrid_percent=0
fi
 
echo "Klasično: $classic_count"
echo "Hibridno: $hybrid_count"
echo "Ukupno:   $total"
echo "Migracija: $hybrid_percent%"
 
# Grafički prikaz
echo ""
echo -n "Napredak: ["
for i in $(seq 1 50); do
    if [ $i -le $((hybrid_percent / 2)) ]; then
        echo -n "█"
    else
        echo -n "░"
    fi
done
echo "] $hybrid_percent%"

Postupno ukidanje klasičnog

flowchart LR subgraph ACTIVE["✅ AKTIVNO"] A1[Oba PKI-a aktivna] end subgraph TRANSITION["🔄 PRIJELAZ"] T1[Klasično: samo obnova] T2[Hibridno: novi certifikati] end subgraph SUNSET["🌅 SUNSET"] S1[Klasično: samo aktivni] S2[Nema novih Classic certifikata] end subgraph END["🛑 KRAJ"] E1[Klasično deaktivirano] end ACTIVE --> TRANSITION --> SUNSET --> END style ACTIVE fill:#e8f5e9 style END fill:#ffebee

Vremenski okvir:

Faza Akcija Okidač
————–——–
Aktivno Oba PKI-a izdaju Početak
Prijelaz Classic samo obnova 80% Hibridno
Sunset Classic samo ističe 95% Hibridno
Kraj Classic-CA offline Svi Classic istekli

Kontrolna lista

# Točka provjere
—————-
1 Oba PKI-a postavljena
2 Dual-Issue skripte funkcioniraju
3 Trust Storeovi sadrže oba CA
4 CRL/OCSP dostupan za oba
5 Monitoring aktivan za oba
6 Praćenje migracije postavljeno
7 Plan postupnog ukidanja dokumentiran

Povezana dokumentacija


« ← Classic → Hybrid | → Rollback strategija »


Wolfgang van der Stille @ EMSR DATA d.o.o. - Post-Quantum Cryptography Professional