====== 4.2 Test Algorithms ======

This page shows how to test the Post-Quantum algorithms ML-DSA and ML-KEM.

----

===== List Available Algorithms =====

==== Signature Algorithms ====

<code powershell>
$openssl = "D:\Projects\openssl-3.6.0\bin\bin\openssl.exe"
& $openssl list -signature-algorithms
</code>

**Post-Quantum (ML-DSA):**
<code>
  { 2.16.840.1.101.3.4.3.17, mldsa44 }
  { 2.16.840.1.101.3.4.3.18, mldsa65 }
  { 2.16.840.1.101.3.4.3.19, mldsa87 }
</code>

**Classical:**
<code>
  RSA-SHA256
  RSA-PSS
  ECDSA
  Ed25519
  Ed448
</code>

==== KEM Algorithms ====

<code powershell>
& $openssl list -kem-algorithms
</code>

**Post-Quantum (ML-KEM):**
<code>
  { 2.16.840.1.101.3.4.4.1, mlkem512 }
  { 2.16.840.1.101.3.4.4.2, mlkem768 }
  { 2.16.840.1.101.3.4.4.3, mlkem1024 }
</code>

----

===== Generate ML-DSA Keys =====

==== ML-DSA-65 (recommended) ====

<code powershell>
# Generate private key
& $openssl genpkey -algorithm mldsa65 -out mldsa65.key

# Extract public key
& $openssl pkey -in mldsa65.key -pubout -out mldsa65.pub

# Show key info
& $openssl pkey -in mldsa65.key -text -noout
</code>

Output:
<code>
ML-DSA Private Key (mldsa65):
priv:
    (4032 bytes)
pub:
    (1952 bytes)
</code>

==== All ML-DSA Variants ====

| Variant | Security | Key Size | Signature Size |
|---------|----------|----------|----------------|
| ML-DSA-44 | 128-bit | 2560 B | 2420 B |
| ML-DSA-65 | 192-bit | 4032 B | 3293 B |
| ML-DSA-87 | 256-bit | 4896 B | 4595 B |

<code powershell>
# ML-DSA-44 (smaller)
& $openssl genpkey -algorithm mldsa44 -out mldsa44.key

# ML-DSA-87 (larger, more secure)
& $openssl genpkey -algorithm mldsa87 -out mldsa87.key
</code>

----

===== ML-DSA Sign and Verify =====

==== Create Test File ====

<code powershell>
"Hello Post-Quantum World!" | Out-File -Encoding ASCII test.txt
</code>

==== Sign ====

<code powershell>
& $openssl dgst -sign mldsa65.key -out test.sig test.txt
</code>

==== Verify ====

<code powershell>
& $openssl dgst -verify mldsa65.pub -signature test.sig test.txt
</code>

Expected output:
<code>
Verified OK
</code>

----

===== ML-KEM Key Encapsulation =====

==== Generate ML-KEM-768 Key ====

<code powershell>
& $openssl genpkey -algorithm mlkem768 -out mlkem768.key
& $openssl pkey -in mlkem768.key -pubout -out mlkem768.pub
</code>

==== All ML-KEM Variants ====

| Variant | Security | Public Key | Ciphertext | Shared Secret |
|---------|----------|------------|------------|---------------|
| ML-KEM-512 | 128-bit | 800 B | 768 B | 32 B |
| ML-KEM-768 | 192-bit | 1184 B | 1088 B | 32 B |
| ML-KEM-1024 | 256-bit | 1568 B | 1568 B | 32 B |

----

===== Measure Performance =====

<code powershell>
# ML-DSA signature performance
& $openssl speed mldsa44 mldsa65 mldsa87
</code>

Example output (varies by hardware):
<code>
                              sign    verify    sign/s verify/s
mldsa44                     0.0005s   0.0001s   1964.7   8234.5
mldsa65                     0.0008s   0.0002s   1234.5   5123.4
mldsa87                     0.0012s   0.0003s    832.1   3456.7
</code>

<code powershell>
# ML-KEM encapsulation performance
& $openssl speed mlkem512 mlkem768 mlkem1024
</code>

----

===== Combined Test =====

A complete test workflow:

<code powershell>
$openssl = "D:\Projects\openssl-3.6.0\bin\bin\openssl.exe"

# 1. Create test file
"Test message for Post-Quantum cryptography" | Out-File -Encoding ASCII pq_test.txt

# 2. ML-DSA-65 key pair
Write-Host "Generating ML-DSA-65 keys..."
& $openssl genpkey -algorithm mldsa65 -out pq_test.key
& $openssl pkey -in pq_test.key -pubout -out pq_test.pub

# 3. Sign
Write-Host "Signing message..."
& $openssl dgst -sign pq_test.key -out pq_test.sig pq_test.txt

# 4. Verify
Write-Host "Verifying signature..."
$result = & $openssl dgst -verify pq_test.pub -signature pq_test.sig pq_test.txt 2>&1

if ($result -match "Verified OK") {
    Write-Host "ML-DSA-65 Test SUCCESSFUL!" -ForegroundColor Green
} else {
    Write-Host "ML-DSA-65 Test FAILED!" -ForegroundColor Red
}

# 5. Cleanup
Remove-Item pq_test.* -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
</code>

----

===== Problems? =====

| Symptom | Possible Cause |
|---------|----------------|
| ''Unknown algorithm'' | OpenSSL < 3.6 or provider missing |
| No ML-DSA in list | Wrong build or provider not loaded |
| Signature fails | Corrupted key file |

→ [[.:.:troubleshooting|Troubleshooting]]

----

===== Continue to =====

  * [[.:fips-validieren|Validate FIPS Mode]]
  * [[.:integration:start|5. Integration]]

----
//Wolfgang van der Stille @ EMSR DATA d.o.o. - Post-Quantum Cryptography Professional//